Term indicating the onset of dementia before age 65, also called early-onset dementia. Represents 2-10% of all dementia cases. Main causes: early Alzheimer's disease (30-40%), frontotemporal dementia (20%), vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, alcohol-related, genetic diseases (Huntington, prions), repeated head trauma, HIV, B12 deficiency.
Peculiarities compared to senile dementia: often late diagnosis (symptoms attributed to stress, depression), greater social and work impact (people still professionally active), economic problems (income loss, mortgages), minor children or young adults, still young partners. Initial symptoms: personality changes, work difficulties, behavioral disorders (more evident than memory disorders). Diagnosis: neuropsychological assessment, neuroimaging (MRI, PET), genetic tests if family history. Management: specific drugs (limited effectiveness), psychosocial support, specific groups for young patients, family support, future planning (legal, economic aspects). Dedicated services needed for different needs than elderly.
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Author: DisabilityHub Editorial Team
Created: 01/25/2026
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