Alteration of normal walking characterized by asymmetric or irregular gait, caused by musculoskeletal, neurological or painful dysfunctions. Classification: antalgic (due to pain, with reduced load on painful limb), Trendelenburg (gluteus medius deficit, pelvis drops on opposite side), from limb length discrepancy (compensated with knee flexion or equinus), neurological (from strength deficit, spasticity, ataxia), psychogenic.
Common causes: trauma, arthritis, hip dysplasia, limb length difference, neurological pathologies (stroke, cerebral palsy), congenital malformations, amputations, muscle pathologies. Assessment: gait observation, joint examination, neurological assessment, radiographs, computerized gait analysis. Treatment depends on cause: pain therapy, physiotherapy, insoles or lifts, orthoses, corrective surgery, prostheses. In permanent disability, objective is: compensate for deficit, prevent secondary complications (scoliosis, contralateral arthrosis, contractures), maximize walking autonomy with or without aids.
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Author: DisabilityHub Editorial Team
Created: 01/25/2026
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